Weather Reports & Tables/Graphs

A weather report is a prediction of weather, often for a specific locality, in a newspaper, on the radio or television. The weather is predicted through application of the principles of Physics and meteorology.
Example A Weather Report 
Good morning. This is Fandy Christian with local weather report. It will be foggy this morning in almost all parts of town, followed by slight showers. However, the showers will not last for a long time. By early afternoon it will be sunny until late afternoon, followed by heavy rain in the evening into the night. Thank you.
Tables/Graphs
Tables and graphs can be useful tools for helping people make decisions. However, they only provide part of a story. Inferences often have to be made from the data shown. As well as being able to identify clearly what the graph or table is telling us, it is important to identify what parts of the story are missing. This can help the reader decide what other information they need, or whether the argument should be rejected because the supporting evidence is suspect.
TABLES
Table presents facts and fiures in compact form. There are several things that we need to pay attention to. They are, the table title, row or column labels, information given in individual cells and information given within rows and columns.
Examples:

GRAPHS
A graphs is a visual, concise means of presenting information. There are three basic kinds graphs: b line graphs,circle or pie graphs and bar graphs.
1.  Line graphs: A line graph is a way of representing two pieces of information, which is usually related and vary with respect to each other. This is useful when comparisons are needed

2. Pie Charts: A pie chart is a type of a circle graph normally used in showcasing a wholesome quantity; we have to show that how this whole quantity is broken into parts. The whole quantity depicts entire sample space and the pieces of pie in the circle graph are called sectors.

3. Bar Charts: This is a type of chart, which contains labeled horizontal or vertical bars showing a piece of information and an axis. The numbers along the side of bar graph compose the axis. This is also called as a histogram; Bar Graph is useful when there is a numerical comparison.

Giving Advice & Warning

-   Giving  Advice is  to give (someone) a recommendation about what should be done.

Expressions Of  Asking  for  Advice

•What should…………………………….. ?

•What do you think should………… ?

•What do you advise?

•Could you give me some advice for ….?

•What you would advice?

•What would you do if……….?

•Do you think I should …..?

Expressions of Giving Advice

•You should/ought to……….

•I think you should/ought to………

•You ought to………………

•I advise you to

•If I were you, I would……..

•I would recommend that you ……

•You’d better tell …………..

•You must to……………….

 -Dialogue: Giving Advice

DIALOGUE

George – Hey, Ari, what’s the matter? You look worried. What’s the problem?
Ari – Yes, it’s my brother. I think he’s stealing. I found 1000 million in his room.
George – Wow!! That’s serious! What are you going to do?
Ari – I don’t know. What do you think I should do?
George – Well, if I were you, I’d speak to him.
Ari – I tried that, but he didn’t listen.
George – Then you have to try again. Come on – I‘ll come with you.
Ari – Ok. Thanks George. 

 

 Family doctor giving advice to a male patient

 

 

Dialogue Expressing of Giving Advice

•Lie    : Good morning,Foo

•Foo  : Good morning, Lie. (Looks confused)

•Lie    : How are you,Foo

•Foo : I’m confused now.

•Lie    : Why?

•Foo  : My girlfriend forbade me to follow the dance

competition. If you were me, what would you
tell her?

•Lie :    I would say that the competition is very

important  to you, and instead, the prize of the
competition  would you give to her

•Foo : That’s a good idea. I will do it. Thank you very

much, Lie. Now I want to go to canteen. See
you.

•Foo :   You’re welcome. See you too.

 

 
 


-  Warning is admonition notice, or pointing out on  existing or potential danger, specially to one who would otherwise would not be aware of it. We can use this way to warn someone or more about somethingthat will happened. Some of the ways are just like givingcommands to the others.

Expression of Warning

•Look out! There is a snake beside you.

•Don’t step on the grass!.

•No smoking!

•No hunting!

•Be Silent

•No camping without permission!

•Do not cut down the trees!

•Keep out of the reach of children!

  

Dialogue Expressing of Warning

•Merry                : “Mom, let me go out for a

while, please?”

•Mother             : “Where are you going to,

Mer?”

•Merry               :  “I’d like to visit Lala. She

got accident this morning.
She is in the hospital now.”

•Mother             : “Okay, but take care when

you drive! The road is very
slippery.”

•Merry                : “Thank you, Mom.”

hell.

Granting Request

Granting Request

 

Granting request is to agree someone who want do something.
Example Granting Requesting
-Sure. Here you are.
-Yes,you may.
-Certainly. It’s almost finished anyway.
-Of course.You can.

 

In the dialogue between Ayu and Palupi you find the following expressions:

Ayu     : Will you tell me about it?

Palupi  : Sure,
I will.

Ayu      : Let’s try to make lepat sometimes.

Palupi  : OK.

Sure, I will and OK are expressions to grant a request.

Here are other expressions that you can use:

•  Alright.
• Certainly.
• Right away.
• Of course.
• • Granting Request
  Mery  : Hey what are you doing here?
  Brad   : I'm waiting for the bus mer, but it doesn't come yet
  Mery  : By the way, where do you want to go ?
  Brad   : I have to go to school now
  Mery  : I see. Do you have to come soon there?
  Brad   : Well, can you give me a ride?
  Mery  : Of course, man. Come on.
  Brad  : Thank you
  Mery  : Yeay never mind. I just can go anywhere now.
  Brad   : Ok then. Let's go, mer!

Report Text

 

Report Text

Definition of Report
Report is a text which presents information about something, as it is. It is as a result of systematic observation and analysis

- Purpose Of Social
It’s social purpose is presenting information about something. They generally describe an entire class of things, whether natural, the planets, rocks, plants, countries of region, culture, transportation, and so on.

- Social Function
Inform the readers about range of natural, and social phenomena in our environment.

Generic Structure of Report
1. General classification: Stating classification of general aspect of thing; animal, public place, plant, etc which will be discussed in general
2. Description: Describing the thing which will be discussed in detail; part per part , customs or deed for living creature and usage for materials

Language Feature of Report
• Introducing group or general aspect
• Using conditional logical connection; when, so, etc
• Using simple present tense 

 

 Example Report Text :

Venice is a city in northern Italy. It is the capital of region Veneto. Together with Padua, the city is included in the Padua-Venice Metropolitan Area. Venice has been known as the “Queen of the Adriatic”, “City of Water”, “City of Bridges”, and “The City of Light”. The city stretches across 117 small islands in the marshy Venetian Lagoon along the Adriatic Sea in northeast Italy.

Venice is world-famous for its canals. It is built on an archipelago of 117 islands formed by about 150 canals in a shallow lagoon. The islands on which the city is built are connected by about 400 bridges. In the old center, the canals serve the function of roads, and every form of transport is on water or on foot.

You can ride gondola there. It is the classical Venetian boat which nowadays is mostly used for tourists, or for weddings, funerals, or other ceremonies. Now, most Venetians travel by motorised waterbuses (“vaporetti”) which ply regular routes along the major canals and between the city’s islands. The city also has many private boats. The only gondolas still in common use by Venetians are the traghetti, foot passenger ferries crossing the Grand Canal at certain points without bridges.

You can see the amusing city’s landmarks such as Piazza San Marco, Palazzo Contarini del Bovolo, Saint Mark’s Cathedral or villas of the Veneto. The villas of the Veneto, rural residences for nobles during the Republic, are one of the most interesting aspects of Venetian countryside.

They are surrounded by elegant gardens, suitable for fashionable parties of high society. The city is also well known for its beautiful and romantic view, especially at night.

Adjectice Clauses

Adjectives modify nouns and pronouns, giving a description or more information. An adjective clause is simply a group of words with a subject and a verb that provide a description. The clause starts with a pronoun such as who, whom, that, or which or an adverb such as when, where and why.

 

Rumus : Modified + Conjunction + Modifier

Examples:

1. Mr Tom is my father. He works at BCA

• Mr Tom who works at BCA is my father

2. Jack is a thief. I saw him steal a wallet

• Jack whom I saw steal a wallet is a thief

3. The table is so expensive. I bought it last week

• The table which I bought last week is so expensive

4. The house is beatiful. It belongs to Amir

• The house which belongs to Amir is beautiful

5. The lady bought a car . her husband died a year ago

• The lady whose husband died a year ago bought a car

 Who: used for humans in subject position:
Hans, who is an architect, lives in Berlin.

Whom: used for humans in object position:
Marike, whom Hans knows well, is an interior decorator.

Which: used for things and animals in subject or object position:
Marike has a dog which follows her everywhere.

That: used for humans, animals and things, in subject or object position (but see below): Marike is decorating a house that Hans designed.

Whose: used for humans, animalsi or objects to give information about their possessions.

The girl whose dress is red is my best friend.

Where: used for places

The hotel where we stayed last summer was very beautiful.

When: used for time

My baby was born in the year when I moved to Italy.

Gerund

 A gerund is a verbal that ends in -ing and functions as a noun. The term verbal indicates that a gerund, like the other two kinds of verbals, is based on a verb and therefore expresses action or a state of being. However, since a gerund functions as a noun, it occupies some positions in a sentence that a noun ordinarily would, for example: subject, direct object, subject complement, and object of preposition.
 
Gerund as subject:

• Traveling might satisfy your desire for new experiences. (Traveling is the gerund.)
• The study abroad program might satisfy your desire for new experiences. (The gerund has been removed.)
•   Swimming is my hobby. 
• Your singing is very beautiful.  
• Studying needs time and patience. 
•  Playing tennis is fun. 
•  Reading Japanese is easier than speaking it.
  

Gerund as direct object:

• They do not appreciate my singing. (The gerund is singing.)
• They do not appreciate my assistance. (The gerund has been removed)
•  I enjoy dancing. 
• She likes dancing. 
• Thank you for your coming. 
• I hate arguing

Gerund as subject complement:

• My Dog's favorite activity is sleeping. (The gerund is sleeping.)
• My Dog's favorite food is salmon. (The gerund has been removed.)
•  My favorite sport is running. 
• My favorite activity is reading.

Gerund as object of preposition:

• The police arrested him for speeding. (The gerund is speeding.)
• The police arrested him for criminal activity. (The gerund has been removed.)
•  They are good at telling funny stories. 
• In sleeping I met you in the park.
  

Expressing Relief, Pain and Pleasure

 

 

Expressing Relief, Pain and Pleasure

•  Expressing Pleasure
  · Expressing Pleasure: expressing enjoyment, happiness or satisfaction
  · Use to express pleasure, showing one’s feeling of happiness.
  The expression that you can use:
  1. Great!
  2. Terrific!
  3. Fantastic!
  4. I’m pleased.
  5. I enjoyed it.
  6. I love it.
  7. It was terrific.
  8. I’m delighted.
  9. It is very delighted.
  10. It is great pleasure.
  11. I am happy (for) …
  12. I am glad.
  13. I can’t say how pleased/delighted/glad/happy I am
  14. It’s wonderful.
  15. How marvelous.
  16. Isn’t this great?
  17.
  Expressing Pleasure Dialogue
  Jasper : What are you doing now?
  Bella : I am reading a novel.
  Jasper : A novel?
  Bella : Yeah, and I enjoy it, because this novel is very interesting.
  Jasper : Can I borrow that novel tomorrow?
  Bella : Of course, you can.
  Jasper : Thanks a lot Bella!
  4. Expressing Relief
  · Expressing Relief: expressing a lessened pain or stress.
  · Use to express relief.
  · When we have problem, then we can solve it, we will feel relief. In other situation, when we worry about something that we will face, then we can face it, we will also feel relief. A relief is lessening or ending of pain and worry.
  The following are expression of relief:
  1. What a relief!
  2. That’s a relief.
  3. I’m very relieved to hear that.
  4. I’m glad everything is running well.
  5. I’m glad it’s done.
  6. It’s very relaxing.
  7. Thank God for that.
  8. Thank goodness.
  9. Thank heavens.
  10. I feel so relieved.
  11. Oh, good!
  12. Oh, marvelous.
  13. I’m glad about…!
  14. It’s great relief.
  15. Whew!
  Expressing Relief Dialogue
  Daughter : Mom, can I go to my friend’s birthday party tonight?
  Mother : Whose party, honey?
  Daughter : David’s party.
  Mother : What! Do you mean that David? I don’t think he’s a suitable boy. I will never allow you to go there.
  Daughter : But, mom….
  Mother : No buts, Sarah! You are not going to a party at his house. Never!
  The next day, Mrs. Smith went to the supermarket to shop. Suddenly she saw an old school friend from years ago. Her name used to be Alice Cowper, but now, she was Mrs. Alice Templeton, mother of the infamous David, the monster of Sarah’s class.
  That night, Mrs. Smith told Sarah that maybe she had been too harsh with her over David’s party. Therefore, she was changing her mind and allowing her to attend David’s party on Saturday night. Sarah was much relieved. Throwing her arms around her mother, Sarah said:
  Sarah : Oh, mother, thank you so much. Everyone thought I was such an idiot for not being allowed to attend David’s party. He is really such a sweet boy. I’m so happy and relieved.
  Mother : Don’t get carried away, Sarah.
  5. Expressing Pain
• Expressing Pain: expressing emotional or mental suffering.
• Use to express if you get hurt
• When we get sick, we must feel pain on our part of body. When we get an accident, and we get injured because of it, we must feel pain.

The following are some expressions of expressing pain :

1. It’s very painful. I can’t stand it.

2. The pain hurt me very much.

3. That hurts!

4. Oh, my headaches.

5. It hurts me so much.

6. My back pains me.

7. Ouch!

8. Oh, it’s killing me!

Expressing Pain Dialogue

(James falls down from the tree. Andy tries to help him.)

Andy : Are you okay?

James : Ouch! That hurts.

Andy : Let me help you.

James : Thanks.

Andy : You should be more careful.